Scale modeling
Step-by-step guide to designing modular tabletop gaming scenery that doubles as display-ready scale models.
A practical, buildable approach to crafting modular terrain that adapts for play and transforms into display-worthy scale models, with durable joints, thoughtful color, and smart storage solutions for collectors and gamers alike.
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Published by Joseph Lewis
July 29, 2025 - 3 min Read
When you start planning modular tabletop scenery, the first priority is to define a unified system that can connect seamlessly across multiple pieces. Begin by choosing a consistent grid footprint, such as 2x2 feet for standard boards, and decide on a simple mounting concept that can be reproduced across every module. This might be a low-profile lip that accepts slight cant or a recessed groove that locks parts together with friction fit. Document the dimensions, material choices, and the exact spacing between structural elements. A well-documented framework prevents misalignment during assembly and ensures that future pieces can slide into the existing layout without tedious adjustments or unexpected gaps.
Once the core system is outlined, move on to the aesthetic language that will unify the set. Pick a theme—industrial ruined, arid desert, or verdant urban—then limit your color palette to a handful of hues with defined roles: base, highlight, weathering, and accent. This intentional restraint helps you achieve a cohesive look when all modules are laid side by side. Plan the surface textures early, too. Consider a mix of flat panels for easy gluing and textured sheets for visual interest. The design should support both close-up display shots and distant gaming perspectives, so balance subtle ground textures with bold architectural silhouettes that read well at 3D distance.
Plan for durability through transport and display, not just use.
The modular concept hinges on repeatable joins that lock modules together securely yet separate cleanly for storage. Use standardized connectors such as shallow dovetails, interlocking tabs, or magnetic plates embedded within the edges to provide repeatable alignment. The magnets should be strong enough to resist accidental disassembly during transport but gentle enough not to chip paints or mar edges when moved. Create an instruction-friendly schematic that lists each connector type and its exact position on every module. This reduces guesswork for builders, speeds up assembly, and ensures that even newcomers can reproduce the look consistently across an entire collection.
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In practice, you’ll want to test fit and articulation before committing to final detailing. Build a small pilot cluster of three to five modules and arrange them in several configurations that reflect common play scenarios. Observe how doors, arches, and wall sections align when you rotate modules or pivot them to create sightlines. Note any interference with miniature bases, tabletop terrain, or scenic elements. If any piece binds or obscures a line of sight, adjust the edge radii, reduce protrusions, or re-space connectors. The goal is a smooth, confident assembly process that never distracts players from the game itself or the display quality of the finished model.
Storage-friendly modules and clean aesthetics keep the set pristine.
Durability planning begins with the choice of substrates. Medium-density fiberboard (MDF) is budget-friendly and sturdy, but it can be heavy. Alternative options like lightweight plywood or high-density foam core offer better portability without sacrificing rigidity when taped joints, internal bracing, or reinforced corners are added. Edge protection matters as well; bevel the edges to reduce chipping and consider a thin protective veneer or vinyl edging for a cleaner finish. For display-ready pieces, you’ll want the surfaces to resist handling wear. A sealed, sealed-in finish helps, preferably a matte coat that reduces glare while preserving the textures and color contrasts that draw the eye.
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Storage-friendly designs solve a common problem: how to stack or broke down pieces without warping. Create modules with shallow, flat-told corners that nest slightly into neighboring sections. Include integrated storage pockets or compartments within larger modules for hardware, connectors, and optional scenery bits. Use standardized packaging dimensions and labeling so that every component fits back into its designated slot. Small, removable clips can help retain delicate features like tiny fences or ruined signage during transport. When you test storage, imagine a showroom scenario: you want everything to look as pristine after unpacking as it does in the finished display photos.
A polished finish enhances both play and display experiences.
Designing for display requires an eye for scaling that remains faithful to gaming figures while delivering a museum-like presence. Start by selecting a scale that matches your preferred game rules—commonly 28mm for many tabletop wargames—and translate that scale into line thickness, wall height, and doorway widths. This consistency guides both the modeling and painting phases, ensuring that a standing miniature looks appropriately dwarfed by a towering ruin or a grand promenade. Then, incorporate display-ready features such as removable plaques, subtle basing elements, and shadow-box styles that capture interest from multiple angles. The more the piece can be admired from a shelf, the stronger its appeal as a collectible.
Finish work matters as much as form. For the final surface treatment, apply a base coat suited to the chosen material, then build up layers of color, weathering powders, and dry brushing to reveal depth. Weathering should feel natural, not theatrical; streaks from rain, rust on metal accents, and dust halos around recesses all tell a story. Seal the work with a non-gloss protective coat to preserve the textures and prevent smudges during handling. Consider a light satin finish on larger flat areas to reduce glare under display lighting while keeping shadows visible enough to maintain a dramatic silhouette. After painting, inspect each module under different lighting to ensure uniformity across the entire set.
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Lighting-ready and signage-ready modules elevate display value.
The play-ready layer must remain usable even as the scenery looks spectacular. Incorporate flexible, rapid-connect features that allow players to reconfigure layouts without tools. Leave slight clearance around doors and arches to accommodate miniature bases, soldier figures, or terrain overlays. Avoid overly delicate components that could bend or break during routine moving. Also plan for modular accessibility: design higher sections with easy-to-grip edges, and keep the interior wiring or mechanical elements tucked away from obvious view while still accessible for adjustments. The balance between rugged practicality and refined appearance is what makes modular scenery repeatedly lovable in both gaming sessions and artful displays.
In addition, consider lighting and display enhancements that do not compromise portability. Tiny LED accents tucked within ruined walls can simulate fires or magical glows, yet be removable for transport. Battery packs should be compact and positioned so that normal handling won’t shift weight and destabilize balance. A separate, slim carrying case tailored to the module thickness ensures safe stacking and minimal movement inside. If you are including signage or interactive elements, mount them on lightweight backings so they can be swapped without tools. The aim is to create a modular system that feels alive yet remains easy to move and showcase.
The documentation you produce for the build is as important as the build itself. Create a concise, illustrated guide that lists tools, materials, and step-by-step assembly for each module. Include exploded-view diagrams that show how parts separate and reattach, and add a color legend for weathering and textures. The better your guide, the easier it will be to reproduce the set, expand it, or share it with a local hobby group. For digital archiving, photograph each component from multiple angles and store the images with labeled file names. This proactive approach streamlines future purchases, repairs, and expansions, and it helps preserve the integrity of the design for years to come.
Finally, iterate with feedback and keep a living project notebook. After initial construction, invite other builders to test your modular system and report on realism, durability, and adaptability. Use their observations to refine connector placements, adjust tolerances, and improve the aesthetic transitions between modules. Maintain a running log of changes, new material sources, and paint formulas so that your workspace evolves without losing cohesion. Over time, the collection should feel like a single, evolving artwork rather than a static kit. With patience and precision, your modular tabletop scenery becomes a modular sculpture that doubles as a playable, display-worthy centerpiece.
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